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An international non-governmental organization (INGO) has the same mission as a non-governmental organization (NGO), but it is international in scope and has outposts around the world to deal with specific issues in many countries. Both terms, NGO and INGO, should be differentiated from intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), which describes groups such as the United Nations or the International Labour Organization. An INGO may be founded by private philanthropy, such as the Carnegie, Rockefeller, Gates and Ford Foundations, or as an adjunct to existing international organizations, such as the Catholic or Lutheran churches. A surge in the founding of development INGOs occurred during World War II, some of which would later become the large development INGOs like SOS Children's Villages, Oxfam, Catholic Relief Services, CARE International, and Lutheran World Relief. International Non-governmental Organizations can further be defined by their primary purpose.〔World Bank and NGOs." October 3, 2007.http://library.duke.edu/research/subject/guides/ngo_guide/igo_ngo_coop/ngo_wb.html (accessed November 10, 2010).〕 Some INGOs are operational, meaning that their primary purpose is to foster the community-based organizations within each country via different projects and operations. Some INGOs are advocacy-based, meaning that their primary purpose is to influence the policy-making of different countries’ governments regarding certain issues or promote the awareness of a certain issue. Many of the large INGOs have components of both operational projects and advocacy initiatives working together within individual countries. ==Criteria== To be associated with the United Nations Department of Public Information, an INGO (and NGOs in general) must follow these certain criteria.:〔UN Department of Public Information, "Criteria." http://www.un.org/dpi/ngosection/criteria.asp (accessed November 10, 2010)〕 * The NGO must support and respect the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; * Must be of recognized national or international standing; * Should operate solely on a not-for-profit basis and have tax-exempt status; * Must have the commitment and the means to conduct effective information programmes with its constituents and to a broader audience about UN activities by publishing newsletters, bulletins and pamphlets; organizing conferences, seminars and round tables; or enlisting the attention of the media; * Should preferably have a satisfactory record of collaboration with UN Information Centres/Services or other parts of the UN System prior to association. * Please note that in cases where the NGO has no record of collaboration but the DPI Committee on NGOs approves its applications, it will have a provisional association status of two years until which it can establish a partnership with the relevant UNICs/UNISs or UN system organization; * The NGO should provide an audited annual financial statement, indicated in US currency, and conducted by a qualified, independent accountant; * The NGO should have statutes/bylaws providing for a transparent process of taking decisions, elections of officers and members of the Board of Directors. * Should have an established record of continuity of work for a minimum of three years and should show promise of sustained activity in the future. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「international nongovernmental organization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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